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 Euthamia (Nutt.) Nutt.

GRASS-LEAVED GOLDENRODS

A small genus of erect, herbaceous perennials native to North America.  Sierren (1981) revised the genus and recognized nine eastern species and one western species.  The genus was incorrectly included in Solidago by many authors for a more than a century. Cronquist (1981) accepted the distinct generic status for this group of species on the basis of morphology and leaf anatomy (Anderson and Creech 1975).   Haines (2006) recognized five species in the treatment in FNA.  Unfortunately, the practice of placing the grass-leaved goldenrods in Solidago continues and leads to errors in interpreting the results of ecological studies. Lane et al. (1996) showed that the on the bases of cpDNA, Euthamia was phylogenetically not close to the true goldenrods with a number of other genera more closely related.   Zhang (1996, Ph.D.; summarized in Semple, et al. 1999) obtained the same results in his cpDNA RFLP study of the goldenrods.  In the ITS sequence analysis in Beck et al. (2004), Euthamia grouped with Gundlachia, Xylothamia, Gutierrezia, Gymnosperma, Amphiachyris, Bigelowia and Thurovia in Clade I, while Solidago was placed in Clade III. 

Species of grass-leaved goldenrods have erect stems bearing linear grass-like leaves with 1-7 well-developed veins and head borne in clusters. 

• Euthamia caroliniana (syn: E. tenuifolia, E. microcephala, E. galetorum, E. remota); habit, heads, Virginia
• Euthamia graminifolia (syn: E. hirtipes); habit, heads, Ontario
• Euthamia gymnospermoides (syn: E., camporum, E. pulverulenta); habit, Texas
• Euthamia leptocephala
• Euthamia occidentalis; habit, Oregon
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Last update 25 March 2008 by J.C. Semple            © 2008  J.C. Semple